Paul Copleman

JPMorgan Investment Management, Inc. (JPMIM) is a global, SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in New York City. The firm was founded in 2000 as the result of Chase Manhattan's purchase of Robert Fleming Holdings and the subsequent merger of Chase and JPMorgan. In January 2010, JPMorgan Investment Advisors merged into JP Morgan Investment Management. JPMIM is a subsidiary of JPMorgan Asset Management Holdings, Inc., ultimately owned by JPMorgan Chase & Co. (NYSE: JPM). The firm primarily provides investment advisory services to both US and non-US institutional and retail clients.

Amundi Asset Management US, Inc. (Amundi US) is a SEC-registered investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts. The firm was founded in 1928 and formerly known as Pioneer Investment Management, Inc. and Amundi Pioneer Asset Management, Inc. In 2021, they merged with and into Amundi Pioneer Institutional Asset Management, Inc. and subsequently changed their name to Amundi Asset Management US, Inc. They are a wholly owned subsidiary of Amundi US, Inc., ultimately held by Rue La Boëtie SAS’ Credit Agricole SA (EPA: ACA) in France. Amundi US provides investment management services to pooled investment vehicles and separately managed accounts.

Manning & Napier Advisors LLC (MNA) is an investment advisory firm headquartered in Fairport, New York. The firm was formed in 2011 as the successor to Manning & Napier Advisors, Inc., which was founded as a partnership in 1970. They are a wholly-owned subsidiary of Manning & Napier Group LLC and their ultimate parent is Callodine Midco, Inc. MNA provides investment advice to individuals and institutional clients. The firm also acts as the sub-advisor to affiliated and unaffiliated advisors and to certain registered and unregistered commingled investment vehicles.

Cowen Investment Management LLC (Cowen Investment Management) is a venture capital subsidiary of Cowen, Inc. founded in 1997. The firm is headquartered in New York.

JPMorgan Securities LLC (JPMS) is a securities brokerage firm headquartered in New York City. The firm was founded in 1985 and is a subsidiary of JPMorgan Broker-Dealer Holdings, Inc., ultimately held by JPMorgan Chase & Co., Inc. (NYSE: JPM). JPMS provides research on fixed income, credit, derivatives, emerging markets, foreign exchange, structured finance, technical analysis and bond indices. Their equity analysts cover equities throughout North America, EMEA, Asia/Pacific and the emerging markets. The firm's fixed income team formulates trading and portfolio recommendations for investors in global bonds and other fixed-income markets based on valuations, analytics and market dynamics.

Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC is a registered broker-dealer subsidiary of Morgan Stanley Domestic Holdings, Inc., ultimately owned by Morgan Stanley (NYSE: MS) in the US. Headquartered in New York City, the firm was founded in 1987 and provides debt and equity services including underwriting, M&A advice, securities dealing and brokerage and trade execution. Their client base ranges from large global institutional investors to hedge funds at the cutting edge of innovation in the industry.

Saturna Capital Corp. is an independent, SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Bellingham, Washington. The firm was founded by Nicholas “Nick” Kaiser in 1989. Saturna Capital advises a variety of accounts divided between (1) investment management accounts for individuals, families, trusts, estates, corporations, and retirement plans and (2) pooled investment funds (mutual funds and private partnerships).

Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC (GS&Co.) is a securities brokerage firm headquartered in New York City. Founded in 1927, the firm is a subsidiary of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. (NYSE: GS). GS&Co. provides services to help hedge funds manage risk, monitor portfolios, maintain liquidity and build their businesses. They offer clients access to global equity and derivatives markets, as well as foreign exchange, commodities, European Lefts, rates and credit across the Americas, Europe and Asia. The firm proactively monitors capital markets, searching for pockets of liquidity and news that may require changes to those strategies. Integration with the Goldman Sachs network gives clients access to the firm's sectored block trades and their insights into price discovery. Their electronic trading program provides clients with tools to manage their trades from pre-trade analytics to post-trade analysis.

Kirkland & Ellis LLP provides legal services. It counsels clients in litigation, corporate and tax, intellectual property and restructuring matters. The firm offers intellectual property, antitrust and competition, international trade and national security, real estate and tax, benefits and estate planning services. The company was founded in 1909 and is headquartered in Chicago, IL.

Passport Capital LLC (Passport) is an independent, SEC-registered investment advisor and hedge fund manager headquartered in San Francisco, California. The firm was founded in 2000 by John H. Burbank III. Passport serves as the investment manager to privately offered pooled investment vehicles.

Moody's Investors Service, Inc. is a credit rating and investment research firm headquartered in New York City. They are a subsidiary of Moody's Corp. (NYSE: MCO). The firm performs international financial research and analysis on commercial and government entities and provides a variety of analytic tools for assessing credit risk. Their clients include creditors, investment banks and commercial banks.

Cahill Gordon & Reindel LLP provides legal services. Its practice areas include antitrust, bankruptcy and restructuring, corporate governance and investigations, crisis advisory and management, employee benefits, insurance, intellectual property, litigation, media, real estate, tax, and trusts. The company was founded by Joseph P. Cotton, George S. Franklin, William G. McAdoo and Francis McAdoo in 1919 and is headquartered in New York, NY.

Barclays Capital, Inc. is a registered broker/dealer headquartered in New York City. The firm was founded in 1997 and is a subsidiary of Barclays Group US, Inc., ultimately owned by Barclays plc (LON: BARC) in Great Britain. Barclays Capital provides large corporate, government and institutional clients a full spectrum of prime brokerage services which includes equities and fixed income financing, OTC Clearing, Futures and Foreign Exchange Prime Brokerage and access to industry insights and analytics from their Strategic Consulting team.

Founded in 1958, Merrill Lynch Piece Fenner & Smith, Inc. is an SEC registered broker/dealer located in New York City. The firm is a subsidiary of BAC North America Holding Co. and their ultimate parent is Bank of America Corp. (NYSE BAC).

3-Sigma Value Investment Management LLC is a private company based in New York, NY. The description appears to be a technical message related to a software application. The company was founded by Laton Kareen Mozes.

Greentech Capital Advisors LLC provides financial advisory services. The company is headquartered in New York, NY.

Withers Bergman LLP engages in provision of legal services. The company is headquartered in New York, NY.

New York City Economic Development Corp. provides economic assistance and financial incentives for large businesses. Its services include financing and incentives, strategic investments group, programs for entrepreneurs, programs for business recovery and resiliency, programs for nonprofits, workforce and local business programs, incubators and workspace resources, international programs, portnyc and central business districts. The company was founded in 1991 and is headquartered in New York, NY.

Citizens Budget Commission, Inc. operates an organization that influences constructive changes in the finances and services. It researches and analyzes the city's finances and fiscal affairs of state government and evaluates the management of city government. The company was founded in 1932 and is headquartered in New York, NY.

CSFC Management Co LLC (CapitalSpring) is a private equity firm founded in 2005 by Richard Fitzgerald and Christopher Unrath. The firm is headquartered in Nashville, Tennessee.

Catapult Capital Management LLC (Catapult Capital) is a hedge fund manager headquartered in New York City. The firm was founded in 2006 and is a subsidiary of Millennium International Management LP, ultimately owned by MLM Trust B. Catapult Capital manages assets on behalf of institutional clients and private investors.

Part of Education Holdings 1, Inc., Princeton Review LLC is a company that provides examination review services. The company is based in Albuquerque, NM. The company was founded by John S. Katzman, Robert L. Cohen.

Inpellis, Inc. operates as a specialty pharmaceutical company that focuses on developing and commercializing transdermal prescription therapeutics for treating acute and chronic pain resulting from musculoskeletal disorders and peripheral neuropathy. Its products include transdermal ibuprofen for moderate to severe osteoarthritis and transdermal benfotiamine for painful diabetic neuropathy. The company was founded in 2012 and is headquartered in Haddonfield, NJ.