David Paul Padulo

Park Avenue Institutional Advisers LLC (PAIA) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in New York City. The firm is a direct wholly owned subsidiary of Guardian Investor Services LLC, which is owned by The Guardian Life Insurance Co. of America, a New York mutual life insurance company. PAIA provides investment advisory services to registered open-end management investment companies, a proprietary private fund and the CLO portfolios.

The Guardian Life Insurance Co. of America (Guardian Life) is a life insurance management firm headquartered in New York City. Founded in 1860, Guardian Life and their subsidiaries are committed to protecting individuals, business owners and their employees with life, long-term care insurance, disability income, medical insurance products and dental insurance products. They also offer 401(k), annuities and other financial products and trust services.

Located in New York City, Millenco LP is the primary broker subsidiary of Millennium Partners. Millenco provides a full array of trading and execution services for their clients. They do not provide any internal research.

Bear, Stearns & Co., Inc. is a global investment banking, securities trading and brokerage firm located in New York City with additional offices in Dallas, Boston and San Francisco. The firm is a subsidiary Bear Sterns Cos., Inc. (NYSE: BSC). Their equity research team consists of senior analysts located throughout the world. In addition to domestic coverage, they have research teams focusing on Latin America, Asia and Europe. The analysts use a bottom-up approach to stock selection. The Bear Stearns fixed-income research department provides coverage of every sector of the fixed-income universe. The financial analytics and structured transactions group (F.A.S.T) provides investment research, fixed-income portfolio management and analytical systems, trading technology and general financial expertise. The group also provides a broad range of services to financial institutions including asset-liability management, balance sheet restructuring, receivables-based financing analysis, security and portfolio analysis, peer analysis, and historical and real-time market-based information.