Arthur Betz Laffer

Laffer Tengler Investments, Inc. is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Nashville, Tennessee. The firm was founded by Dr. Arthur B. Laffer and Arthur B. Laffer in 1999. They are a wholly owned subsidiary of ButcherJoseph Financial Holdings LLC. Laffer Tengler Investments provides investment advice and management services (1) as a discretionary investment adviser to domestic and foreign separately managed accounts; (2) as a discretionary manager to clients participating in one or more wrap fee programs; (3) as a non- discretionary investment adviser to certain clients, which includes other investment advisers; and (4) as a sub-adviser to certain open-end exchange traded funds.

Laffer Tengler Investments, Inc. is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Nashville, Tennessee. The firm was founded by Dr. Arthur B. Laffer and Arthur B. Laffer in 1999. They are a wholly owned subsidiary of ButcherJoseph Financial Holdings LLC. Laffer Tengler Investments provides investment advice and management services (1) as a discretionary investment adviser to domestic and foreign separately managed accounts; (2) as a discretionary manager to clients participating in one or more wrap fee programs; (3) as a non- discretionary investment adviser to certain clients, which includes other investment advisers; and (4) as a sub-adviser to certain open-end exchange traded funds.

Laffer Tengler Investments, Inc. is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Nashville, Tennessee. The firm was founded by Dr. Arthur B. Laffer and Arthur B. Laffer in 1999. They are a wholly owned subsidiary of ButcherJoseph Financial Holdings LLC. Laffer Tengler Investments provides investment advice and management services (1) as a discretionary investment adviser to domestic and foreign separately managed accounts; (2) as a discretionary manager to clients participating in one or more wrap fee programs; (3) as a non- discretionary investment adviser to certain clients, which includes other investment advisers; and (4) as a sub-adviser to certain open-end exchange traded funds.

Laffer Tengler Investments, Inc. is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Nashville, Tennessee. The firm was founded by Dr. Arthur B. Laffer and Arthur B. Laffer in 1999. They are a wholly owned subsidiary of ButcherJoseph Financial Holdings LLC. Laffer Tengler Investments provides investment advice and management services (1) as a discretionary investment adviser to domestic and foreign separately managed accounts; (2) as a discretionary manager to clients participating in one or more wrap fee programs; (3) as a non- discretionary investment adviser to certain clients, which includes other investment advisers; and (4) as a sub-adviser to certain open-end exchange traded funds.

Laffer Tengler Investments, Inc. is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Nashville, Tennessee. The firm was founded by Dr. Arthur B. Laffer and Arthur B. Laffer in 1999. They are a wholly owned subsidiary of ButcherJoseph Financial Holdings LLC. Laffer Tengler Investments provides investment advice and management services (1) as a discretionary investment adviser to domestic and foreign separately managed accounts; (2) as a discretionary manager to clients participating in one or more wrap fee programs; (3) as a non- discretionary investment adviser to certain clients, which includes other investment advisers; and (4) as a sub-adviser to certain open-end exchange traded funds.

Laffer Tengler Investments, Inc. is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Nashville, Tennessee. The firm was founded by Dr. Arthur B. Laffer and Arthur B. Laffer in 1999. They are a wholly owned subsidiary of ButcherJoseph Financial Holdings LLC. Laffer Tengler Investments provides investment advice and management services (1) as a discretionary investment adviser to domestic and foreign separately managed accounts; (2) as a discretionary manager to clients participating in one or more wrap fee programs; (3) as a non- discretionary investment adviser to certain clients, which includes other investment advisers; and (4) as a sub-adviser to certain open-end exchange traded funds.

Laffer Tengler Investments, Inc. is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Nashville, Tennessee. The firm was founded by Dr. Arthur B. Laffer and Arthur B. Laffer in 1999. They are a wholly owned subsidiary of ButcherJoseph Financial Holdings LLC. Laffer Tengler Investments provides investment advice and management services (1) as a discretionary investment adviser to domestic and foreign separately managed accounts; (2) as a discretionary manager to clients participating in one or more wrap fee programs; (3) as a non- discretionary investment adviser to certain clients, which includes other investment advisers; and (4) as a sub-adviser to certain open-end exchange traded funds.