Amber S. Kerstetter

The Vanguard Group, Inc. (VGI) is an independent registered investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Malvern, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1975 by John Bogle. In 1976, they introduced the first indexed mutual fund, the First Index Investment Trust (now known as the Vanguard 500 Index Fund), to individual investors. VGI provides investment advisory services to Vanguard family of funds and Vanguard's non-US clients, which are comprised of the following: (1) funds established as trusts under the laws of the Province of Ontario in Canada and (2) separate account clients of Vanguard's international subsidiaries.

Founded in 1990 by Mark Turner and Robert Turner, Turner Investment Partners, Inc. is a registered investment advisor firm located in Berwyn, Pennsylvania with an additional office in Hartford, Connecticut. The firm offers institutional equity and fixed-income services, advises portfolios through relationships with managed accounts sponsors and advises mutual funds that are part of the Turner Funds group and other fund families. Turner Investment Partners' clients include pension funds, foundations, public companies, other asset managers, financial advisors and individuals.